Some organizations believe they hold the key to fighting poverty--economic development in the inner cities, which will in turn bring in private investment. But others maintain that both are hard to come by simultaneously.
Inner-city business development, Bartik has written, may be an effective means of relieving congestion and environmental strain in outer-ring communities and increasing tax revenues and amenities in inner cities. But it "is unlikely by itself to significantly increase the employment or earnings of the inner city poor."
Urban planner Lisa Servon concurs, telling Miller-McCune.com, "It's hard to do both economic development and poverty alleviation." Servon's own research on micro-enterprise - defined in the U.S. as businesses employing five or fewer workers and needing less than $35,000 in startup capital - underscores that difficulty.
Servon, the dean of Milano The New School for Management and Urban Policy, has written that starting a small business can lift individuals out of poverty; those businesses, in turn, provide stability and services for their communities. But, she acknowledged, "It's a pretty small group - maybe 3 to 5 percent" of low-income people for whom self-employment represents a realistic path out of poverty.
Servon insists that's not a reason to abandon the strategy. "You're not going to find a silver bullet," she cautioned. "It's going to be a range of solutions" that pulls inner cities back from the economic brink.
FULL STORY: Can Development Reduce Poverty?
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Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools
This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.
Planning for Universal Design
Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.
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Planetizen
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Mpact (formerly Rail~Volution)
Great Falls Development Authority, Inc.
HUDs Office of Policy Development and Research
NYU Wagner Graduate School of Public Service